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除塵器簡(jiǎn)介

袋式除塵器是一種干式濾塵裝置。它適用于捕集細(xì)小、干燥、非纖維性粉塵。濾袋采用紡織的濾布或非紡織的氈制成，利用纖維織物的過濾作用對(duì)含塵氣體進(jìn)行過濾，當(dāng)含塵氣體進(jìn)入袋式除塵器后，顆粒大、比重大的粉塵，由于重力的作用沉降下來(lái)，落入灰斗，含有較細(xì)小粉塵的氣體在通過濾料時(shí)，粉塵被阻留，使氣體得到凈化。

濾料使用一段時(shí)間后，由于篩濾、碰撞、滯留、擴(kuò)散、靜電等效應(yīng)，濾袋表面積聚了一層粉塵，這層粉塵稱為初層，在此以后的運(yùn)動(dòng)過程中，初層成了濾料的主要過濾層，依靠初層的作用，網(wǎng)孔較大的濾料也能獲得較高的過濾效率。隨著粉塵在濾料表面的積聚，除塵器的效率和阻力都相應(yīng)的增加，當(dāng)濾料兩側(cè)的壓力差很大時(shí)，會(huì)把有些已附著在濾料上的細(xì)小塵粒擠壓過去，使除塵器效率下降。另外，除塵器的阻力過高會(huì)使除塵系統(tǒng)的風(fēng)量顯著下降。因此，除塵器的阻力達(dá)到一定數(shù)值后，要及時(shí)清灰。清灰時(shí)不能破壞初層，以免效率下降。

工作原理

袋式除塵器高的除塵效率是與它的除塵機(jī)理分不開的。含塵氣體由除塵器下部進(jìn)氣管道,經(jīng)導(dǎo)流板進(jìn)入灰斗時(shí),由于導(dǎo)流板的碰撞和氣體速度的降低等作用,粗粒粉塵將落入灰斗中,其余細(xì)小顆粒粉塵隨氣體進(jìn)入濾袋室,由于濾料纖維及織物的慣性、擴(kuò)散、阻隔、鉤掛、靜電等作用,粉塵被阻留在濾袋內(nèi),凈化后的氣體逸出袋外,經(jīng)排氣管排出。濾袋上的積灰用氣體逆洗法去除,清除下來(lái)的粉塵下到灰斗,經(jīng)雙層卸灰閥排到輸灰裝置。濾袋上的積灰也可以采用噴吹脈沖氣流的方法去除,從而達(dá)到清灰的目的,清除下來(lái)的粉塵由排灰裝置排走。袋式除塵器的除塵效率高也是與濾料分不開的,濾料性能和質(zhì)量的好壞,直接關(guān)系到袋式除塵器性能的好壞和使用壽命的長(zhǎng)短。而過濾材料是制作濾袋的主要材料,它的性能和質(zhì)量是促進(jìn)袋式除塵技術(shù)進(jìn)步,影響其應(yīng)用范圍和使用壽命。

Introduction

Bag filter is a dry filter. It is suitable for trapping fine, dry and non-fibrous dust. The filter bag is made of textile filter cloth or non-textile felt, and the dust-containing gas is filtered by the filter function of the fibre fabric. When the dust-containing gas enters the bag-type dust collector, the dust with large particle size and large specific gravity settles down and falls into the ash hopper. When the gas with small dust passes through the filter material, the dust is blocked and the gas is purified.

Working Principle

The high dust removal efficiency of bag filter is inseparable from its dust removal mechanism. When the dust-containing gas enters the ash hopper through the guide plate through the lower intake pipe of the dust collector, due to the collision of the guide plate and the decrease of gas velocity, the coarse dust will fall into the ash hopper, and the other fine dust particles will enter the filter bag chamber with the gas. Due to the inertia, diffusion, barrier, hooking and static electricity of the filter material fibers and fabrics, the dust will be blocked in the filter bag. The purified gas escapes out of the bag and is discharged through the exhaust pipe. The dust deposited on the filter bag is removed by gas backwashing method, and the dust removed goes down to the ash hopper, and is discharged to the ash conveying device through the double-deck ash discharge valve. The dust deposit on the filter bag can also be removed by injecting pulsed air flow, so as to achieve the purpose of cleaning the dust, and the dust removed by the ash removal device.

The high dust removal efficiency of bag filter is also inseparable from filter material. The performance and quality of filter material are directly related to the performance and service life of bag filter. The filter material is the main material for making filter bags. Its performance and quality are to promote the technological progress of bag dust removal and affect its application scope and service life.