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鍋爐風(fēng)機(jī)介紹
風(fēng)機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)
鍋爐離心式風(fēng)機(jī)主要結(jié)構(gòu)如下。
葉輪：產(chǎn)生壓頭，傳遞能量。
機(jī)殼：收集從葉輪出來(lái)的氣體引向排出口，把氣流的部分動(dòng)能轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)閴毫δ堋?br />入口調(diào)節(jié)風(fēng)門(mén)：調(diào)節(jié)機(jī)出力，將設(shè)備與系統(tǒng)隔離。(也叫導(dǎo)流器，有的采用變頻技術(shù)，液力偶和器調(diào)節(jié)出力，)
大軸：傳遞扭矩
軸承：承受轉(zhuǎn)子的徑向軸向載荷，限制轉(zhuǎn)子的徑向軸向的運(yùn)動(dòng)位置。
靠背輪:聯(lián)接電動(dòng)機(jī)，傳遞軸功率
集流器：在損失最小的情況下，使氣流均勻的充滿(mǎn)葉輪進(jìn)口斷面。
軸承箱：裝置軸承，填補(bǔ)潤(rùn)滑液。
Fan structure
The main structure of boiler centrifugal fan is as follows.
Impeller: Produce pressure, transfer energy.
Shell: Collect the gas from the impeller and lead it to the outlet, which converts part of the kinetic energy of the airflow into pressure energy.
Entrance regulator: regulator output. Separate the equipment from the system. (Also known as diverter, some use frequency conversion technology, hydraulic couple and regulator output.)
Large Shaft: Transfer Torque
Bearing: Bearing the radial and axial load of the rotor, restricting the radial and axial position of the rotor.
Back wheel: Connecting motor, transferring shaft power.
Collector: In the case of minimum loss, the impeller inlet section is filled with uniform air flow.
Bearing box: Install bearing, fill lubricant.
風(fēng)機(jī)工作原理
當(dāng)離心式風(fēng)機(jī)的葉輪被電動(dòng)機(jī)帶動(dòng)旋轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)，充滿(mǎn)于葉片之間的氣體隨同葉輪一起轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)。在離心力的作用下，氣體從葉片間槽道甩出，并將氣體由葉輪出口處輸送出去。當(dāng)氣體的外流造成葉輪空間形式真空，外界的氣體就會(huì)自動(dòng)進(jìn)入葉輪補(bǔ)充。由于風(fēng)機(jī)的不停工作，將氣體吸進(jìn)壓出，形成了氣體的連續(xù)流動(dòng)，從而形成了連續(xù)的工作。送引風(fēng)機(jī)從風(fēng)機(jī)的角度而言沒(méi)有區(qū)別，都是由電動(dòng)機(jī)帶動(dòng)風(fēng)機(jī)的扇頁(yè)旋轉(zhuǎn)產(chǎn)生風(fēng)，雖然比電扇要復(fù)雜些，但本質(zhì)上沒(méi)有區(qū)別。引送風(fēng)機(jī)的作用不同是由他們安裝的部位決定的，前者位于鍋爐的后端，向鍋爐外的煙道鼓風(fēng)，對(duì)爐膛產(chǎn)生負(fù)壓，對(duì)煙氣起導(dǎo)引作用，所以叫引風(fēng)機(jī)；后者相反位于鍋爐的前端，向鍋爐內(nèi)鼓風(fēng)，所以叫送風(fēng)機(jī)。
Working Principle of Fan
When the impeller of a centrifugal fan is driven by a motor, the gas filled between the blades rotates with the impeller. Under the action of centrifugal force, the gas is thrown out from the slot between the blades and is transported out from the outlet of the impeller. When the outflow of gas causes the vacuum in the impeller space, the outside gas will automatically enter the impeller to supplement. Because of the continuous work of the fan, the gas is sucked in and out, forming a continuous flow of gas, thus forming a continuous work. From the perspective of fans, there is no difference between forced draft fans and induced draft fans. All of them are driven by motors to rotate the fan pages to generate wind. Although they are more complex than electric fans, they are essentially no difference. The function of induced draft fan is different from that of the parts they install. The former is located at the back end of the boiler and blows out the flue, which produces negative pressure on the furnace and guides the flue gas, so it is called induced draft fan, while the latter is located at the front end of the boiler and blows in the boiler, so it is called forced draft fan.
噪聲治理技術(shù)
鍋爐房的鼓風(fēng)機(jī)和引風(fēng)機(jī)噪聲一般在90分貝左右，因輸送的鍋爐煙氣溫度高達(dá)180℃，采用封閉隔聲會(huì)導(dǎo)致散熱不良，電機(jī)溫度過(guò)高，甚至燒毀電機(jī)。因此，在工藝上將風(fēng)機(jī)降噪和節(jié)能兩方面結(jié)合起來(lái) [3] 。
經(jīng)實(shí)踐，鍋爐風(fēng)機(jī)節(jié)能降噪綜合治理方案為：對(duì)鍋爐房的工藝布置保持不變，將鼓風(fēng)機(jī)、引風(fēng)機(jī)分別置在隔聲室內(nèi)，用通風(fēng)管將它們與主機(jī)相連接，在隔聲室頂上或墻面上開(kāi)設(shè)進(jìn)氣口，并安裝消聲器供機(jī)房進(jìn)風(fēng)使用。平面布置時(shí)將鼓風(fēng)機(jī)靠近鍋爐房一側(cè)，進(jìn)風(fēng)口在上風(fēng)側(cè)，電機(jī)置于氣流通道中間。
鍋爐運(yùn)行時(shí)，由于鼓風(fēng)機(jī)在隔聲室內(nèi)產(chǎn)生負(fù)壓，大量的室外新鮮空氣就會(huì)自動(dòng)進(jìn)入隔聲室，首先和引風(fēng)機(jī)電機(jī)進(jìn)行熱交換，使之冷卻降溫，室內(nèi)溫度保持50℃左右。
Noise control technology
The noise of blower and induced draft fan in boiler room is generally about 90 decibels. Because the flue gas temperature of the conveying boiler is as high as 180 C, the use of enclosed sound insulation will lead to poor heat dissipation, motor temperature is too high, and even burn down the motor. Therefore, the noise reduction and energy saving of the fan are combined in the process.
Practice shows that the comprehensive treatment scheme for energy saving and noise reduction of boiler fans is to keep the technological arrangement of the boiler room unchanged, place the blower and induced draft fan in the sound insulation room respectively, connect them with the main engine by the ventilation pipe, open air intake on the top or wall of the sound insulation room, and install mufflers for the use of the air intake of the engine room. In the plane arrangement, the blower is close to the side of the boiler room, the air inlet is on the upper side, and the motor is placed in the middle of the air passage.
When the boiler is running, because the blower produces negative pressure in the sound insulation chamber, a large number of outdoor fresh air will automatically enter the sound insulation chamber. First, heat exchange with the induction fan motor will make it cool down, and the indoor temperature will be maintained at about 50 degrees Celsius.